Iindaba

Ibhodi yokutshintsha, panelboard, kunyeisixhobo sokutshintshazizixhobo zokukhusela ngokugqithileyo kwisekethe yombane. Eli nqaku lichaza umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi ntlobo zintathu zamacandelo ombane.

Yintoni iPanelboard?

I-panelboard yinkqubo yokubonelela ngombane icandelo lokwahlula ukutya kombane kwiisekethe ezincedisayo ngelixa ibonelela nge-fuse ekhuselayo okanye i-breaker circuit yesekethe nganye kwindawo edibeneyo. Iqukethe ipaneli enye okanye iqela leepaneli ezifakwe eludongeni. Injongo yebhodi yepaneli kukwahlula amandla kwiisekethe ezahlukeneyo. Zifana nee-switchboards, kodwa isakhiwo yinto eyenza ukuba bahluke.

Yintoni eyenza iipaneli zepaneli zihluke kukuba zihlala zixhonywe eludongeni. Ekuphela kwendlela enokwenzeka yokufikelela kwiipaneli zebhodi kukuhamba phambili.I-amperage yeepaneli zebhodi ingaphantsi kakhulu kune-switchboard kunye ne-switchgear, 1200 Amp max. Iipaneli zepaneli zisetyenziselwa umbane ukuya kwi-600 V. Kumacandelo amathathu enkqubo yombane, iibhodi zepaneli zezona zincinci kwaye zincinci ngobukhulu.

Usetyenziso lweePaneli zeebhodi

Iibhodi zephaneli zixhaphake kakhulu ukufunyanwa kwindawo yokuhlala okanye kwindawo encinci yokuthengisa apho imfuno yombane iyonke ingekho phezulu kakhulu. Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lwebhodi yeephaneli zezi:

• Iindawo zokuhlala, izakhiwo zorhwebo, kunye neendawo zoshishino ezincinci. Emakhayeni kunye neeofisi, iipaneli zepaneli zihambisa umbane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo ukusuka kumthombo oyintloko. Banokusasaza umbane kwiinkqubo zeHVAC, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa, okanye izixhobo zombane ezinkulu.
• Izibonelelo zempilo. Kwizibonelelo zempilo, iipaneli zepaneli zisetyenziselwa zonke izicelo ezichazwe ngasentla kwizakhiwo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla kwezixhobo zonyango.

Ngokusekwe kwisicelo, iipaneli zepaneli zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezincinci, kubandakanywa iipaneli zokukhanyisa kunye neebhodi zokuhambisa amandla. Iphaneli ephambili, i-subpanel, kunye ne-fusebox zizo zonke iindidi zeepaneli zebhodi.

Ibhodi yebhodi yezixhobo

• Isaphuli esiphambili
• Umephuli wojikelezo
• Iindawo zebhasi

Yintoni naIbhodi yokutshintsha?

I-switchboard sisixhobo esalathisa umbane ukusuka kwimithombo enye okanye ngaphezulu yonikezelo ukuya kwiindawo ezincinci zokusetyenziswa. Yindibano yeepaneli enye okanye ngaphezulu, nganye equlethe iitshintshi ezivumela ukuba umbane uqondiswe kwakhona. Ngenxa yokuba yindibano, ibhodi yokutshintsha inokuphuculwa kuyo nayiphi na indawo yenkonzo. Inkalo ephambili yee-switchboards kukuba ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukukhuselwa kwe-overcurrent kwiisekethe zabo zokubonelela kwaye zibekwe phantsi. Amalungu ebhodi yokutshintshela enzelwe ukubuyisela umzila wamandla.

Yintoni eyahlula ii-switchboards kwezinye iinkqubo zombane ezichazwe ngezantsi kukuba i-switchboard imele indibano yamacandelo. Ukulinganiswa kwamandla ombane kwiinkqubo ze-switchboard yi-600 V okanye ngaphantsi. Iibhodi zokutshintsha ziyafikeleleka kwinkonzo ukusuka ngaphambili nangasemva. Iibhodi zokutshintsha zihambelana ne-NEMA esemgangathweni ye-PB-2 kunye ne-UL standard -891. Iibhodi zokutshintsha zineemitha ezibonisa ubungakanani bamandla ahamba kuzo, kodwa azinawo amacandelo okhuseleko oluzenzekelayo.

Usetyenziso lweIibhodi zokutshintsha

Njengeepaneli zepaneli, iibhodi zokutshintsha zisetyenziselwa kwiindawo zorhwebo kunye neendawo zokuhlala, kwaye, njenge-switchgear, zisetyenziselwa kwiindawo zoshishino. Iibhodi zokutshintsha zisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela umzila izixhobo zokuhambisa umbane.

Iibhodi zokutshintsha zibiza kakhulu kuneebhodi zeephaneli kodwa zitshiphu kunezixhobo zokutshintsha. Injongo yee-switchboards kukuhambisa amandla phakathi kwemithombo eyahlukeneyo. Iindidi zee-switchboards ziquka ii-switchboards zenjongo ngokubanzi kunye ne-fusible switchboards.

Iinxalenye zebhodi yokutshintsha

• Iiphaneli kunye nezakhelo
• Izixhobo zokukhusela kunye nokulawula
• Iiswitshi
• Iindawo zebhasi

Yintoni naSwitchgear?

I-Switchgear idibanisa iiswitshi zokuqhawula umbane, i-fuses, okanye ii-circuit breakers ukulawula, ukukhusela, kunye nokwahlula izixhobo zombane.

I-switchgear iyahluka kwi-switchboard kunye ne-panelboards kuba iquka izinto ezizimeleyo. Izixhobo ezingamalungu e-switchgear zisetyenziselwa ukuvula nokucima umbane.

I-switchgear isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa amandla izixhobo zokusebenza ukuvumela ukwenziwa kunye nokususa iziphene ezantsi komsinga. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kwiisetingi apho unikezelo lwamandla olukhulu lufuna ukwahlulwa phakathi kwezixhobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, eziziinkqubo zorhwebo ngokwesiseko zombane ohlukeneyo (ophantsi, ophakathi, kunye nophezulu). I-Switchgear ixhotyiswe ngamacandelo aqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluzenzekelayo.

I-Switchgear yeyona ibiza kakhulu kwaye ibanzi xa ithelekiswa neebhodi zeephaneli kunye neebhodi zokutshintsha. Umlinganiselo wombane we-switchgear ufikelela kwi-38 kV, kwaye ukulinganisa kwangoku ukuya kwi-6,000A. I-Switchgear ilandela umgangatho we-ANSI we-C37.20.1, umgangatho we-UL we-1558, kunye nomgangatho we-NEMA we-SG-5.

Ekugqibeleni, i-switchgear ingasetyenziselwa ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Iindidi ze-switchgear ziquka i-low-voltage, medium-voltage, kunye ne-high-voltage.

Usetyenziso lweSwitchgear

I-switchgear isetyenziselwa ukulawula imithwalo yamandla. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo sokutshintsha kubandakanya:

• Ukunika amandla kunye nokutshintsha izixhobo, ngokukodwa izixhobo zokusasaza eziphambili (i-transformers, i-generator, inethiwekhi yamandla, njl.).
• Ukuchongwa kwempazamo kwisekethe yombane kunye nokuphazamiseka kwangethuba ngaphambi kokugcwala
• Ukulawulwa kwezixhobo kwizityalo zamandla kunye nezikhululo zejeneretha zamandla
• Ulawulo lweTransformer kwiinkqubo zokusasaza eziluncedo
• Ukukhuselwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu zorhwebo kunye namaziko edatha

Amacandelo eSwitchgear

• I-draw-out breakers: ukusebenzisa i-draw-out breakers nge-switchgear kuthintela ukuvala inkqubo yombane ukuze igcinwe.
• Amacandelo okutshintsha amandla: ii-circuit breakers, ii-fuses, njl. Ezi zixhobo zenzelwe ukuphula amandla kwisekethe.
• Amacandelo okulawula amandla: iipaneli zokulawula, ii-transformers, ii-relays ezikhuselayo. La macandelo enzelwe ukulawula amandla.